1. Tasirin Photobiological
Don tattauna batun kare lafiyar hoto, mataki na farko shine bayyana tasirin photobiological. Masana daban-daban suna da ma'anoni daban-daban na ma'anar tasirin photobiological, wanda zai iya komawa ga hulɗar daban-daban tsakanin haske da rayayyun halittu. A cikin wannan labarin, muna magana ne kawai game da halayen physiological na jikin mutum wanda haske ya haifar.
Tasirin tasirin photobiological a jikin mutum yana da yawa. Dangane da nau'o'i daban-daban da sakamakon tasirin photobiological, ana iya raba su kusan zuwa nau'i uku: tasirin gani na haske, tasirin gani na haske, da tasirin hasken.
Tasirin gani na haske yana nufin tasirin haske akan hangen nesa, wanda shine mafi mahimmancin tasirin haske. Lafiyar gani shine mafi mahimmancin buƙatu don haske. Abubuwan da ke shafar tasirin gani na haske sun haɗa da haske, rarraba sararin samaniya, ma'anar launi, haskakawa, halayen launi, halayen flicker, da dai sauransu, wanda zai iya haifar da gajiyawar ido, ɓataccen hangen nesa, da kuma rage tasiri a cikin ayyuka masu alaka da gani.
Abubuwan da ba na gani ba na haske suna magana ne akan halayen jiki da tunani na jikin ɗan adam wanda haske ya haifar, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ingancin aikin mutane, jin daɗin tsaro, kwanciyar hankali, lafiyar jiki da tunani. Bincike kan illolin da ba na gani na haske ya fara a makare ba, amma ya ci gaba da sauri. A cikin tsarin kimanta ingancin haske na yau, abubuwan da ba a gani na haske sun zama muhimmin al'amari wanda ba za a iya watsi da shi ba.
Tasirin radiation na haske yana nufin lalacewar da jikin ɗan adam ke haifarwa ta hanyar tasirin hasken haske daban-daban akan fata, cornea, lens, retina, da sauran sassan jiki. Za'a iya raba tasirin hasken hasken zuwa kashi biyu bisa tsarin aikin sa: lalacewar photochemical da lalacewar radiation ta thermal. Musamman, ya haɗa da haɗari iri-iri kamar haɗarin sinadarai na UV daga tushen haske, haɗarin haske mai shuɗi, da haɗarin zafin fata.
Jikin dan adam yana iya yin tsayin daka ko gyara illar wadannan raunukan, amma idan hasken hasken ya kai wani iyaka, karfin gyaran jikin da kansa bai isa ya gyara wadannan raunukan ba, kuma lalacewar za ta taru, ta haifar da illar da ba za a iya jurewa ba. kamar hasarar gani, raunin ido, lalacewar fata, da dai sauransu.
Gabaɗaya, akwai hadaddun hulɗar abubuwa masu yawa da ingantattun hanyoyin amsawa da mara kyau tsakanin lafiyar ɗan adam da yanayin haske. Tasirin haske a kan kwayoyin halitta, musamman a jikin dan Adam, yana da alaka da abubuwa daban-daban kamar tsayin igiyar ruwa, karfin jiki, yanayin aiki, da yanayin kwayoyin halitta.
Makasudin nazarin illolin photobiology shine bincika abubuwan da ke da alaƙa tsakanin sakamakon nazarin halittu da yanayin haske da yanayin halittu, gano abubuwan haɗari waɗanda za su iya cutar da lafiya da kuma abubuwan da za a iya amfani da su, neman fa'idodi da guje wa cutarwa. da kuma ba da damar haɗin kai mai zurfi na ilimin gani da kimiyyar rayuwa.

2. Tsaron Halittu
Ana iya fahimtar manufar photobiosafety ta hanyoyi biyu: kunkuntar da fadi. A taƙaice, "photobiosafety" yana nufin batutuwan aminci da tasirin hasken haske ya haifar, yayin da aka fayyace, "photobiosafety" yana nufin batutuwan aminci da hasken haske ya haifar akan lafiyar ɗan adam, gami da tasirin gani na haske, rashin tasirin gani na haske. , da tasirin radiation na haske.
A cikin tsarin binciken da ake da shi na photobiosafety, abin bincike na photobiosafety shine hasken wuta ko na'urori masu nuni, kuma makasudin photobiosafety shine gabobin kamar idanu ko fata na jikin mutum, wanda aka bayyana azaman canje-canje a cikin sigogin ilimin lissafi kamar zafin jiki da diamita na almajiri. . Binciken kan photobiosafety ya fi mayar da hankali kan manyan kwatance guda uku: aunawa da kimantawa na photobiosafety radiation da aka samar ta hanyar haske, alaƙar ƙididdiga tsakanin photoradiation da amsawar ɗan adam, da iyakancewa da hanyoyin kariya don radiation na photobiosafety.
Hasken hasken da aka samar ta hanyoyi daban-daban na haske ya bambanta da ƙarfi, rarraba sarari, da bakan. Tare da haɓaka kayan haske da fasaha na fasaha mai hankali, sababbin hanyoyin haske masu hankali irin su hasken haske na LED, hasken OLED, da hasken wuta na laser za a yi amfani da su a hankali a cikin gida, kasuwanci, likita, ofis, ko yanayin haske na musamman. Idan aka kwatanta da tushen haske na gargajiya, sabbin hanyoyin haske masu hankali suna da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da makamashi mai ƙarfi da ƙayyadaddun gani. Saboda haka, daya daga cikin jagororin gaba a cikin binciken lafiyar lafiyar hoto shine nazarin ma'auni ko hanyoyin kimantawa don amincin lafiyar hoto na sabbin hanyoyin haske, kamar nazarin lafiyar halittu na fitilun Laser na mota da tsarin kimanta lafiyar ɗan adam da ta'aziyya. na semiconductor lighting kayayyakin.
Halayen ilimin halittar jiki da ke haifar da tsayin daka daban-daban na hasken hasken da ke aiki akan gabobin jikin mutum daban-daban suma sun bambanta. Kamar yadda jikin ɗan adam tsari ne mai sarƙaƙƙiya, ƙididdigewa kwatanta alaƙar da ke tsakanin hasken haske da martanin ɗan adam shima ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan kwatance a cikin bincike na photobiosafety, kamar tasiri da aikace-aikacen haske akan rhyths na jikin ɗan adam, da kuma batun haske. Adadin ƙarfi yana haifar da tasirin gani mara kyau.
Manufar gudanar da bincike kan lafiyar hoto shine don guje wa cutar da hasken ɗan adam ya haifar. Don haka, dangane da sakamakon binciken da aka yi akan lafiyar halittun hoto da tasirin halittun hoto na tushen hasken, ana ba da shawarar daidaitattun matakan haske da hanyoyin kariya, kuma an gabatar da tsare-tsaren ƙirar samfuran haske mai aminci da lafiya, wanda kuma shine ɗayan jagororin gaba na hoto. binciken lafiyar halittu, irin su ƙirar tsarin hasken lafiya don manyan jiragen sama masu ɗaukar nauyi, bincike kan hasken lafiya da tsarin nuni, da bincike kan fasahar aikace-aikacen fina-finai na haske mai haske don lafiyar haske da amincin haske.

3. Photobiosafety makada da hanyoyin
Matsakaicin igiyoyin hasken haske da ke cikin amincin hoto na halitta sun haɗa da igiyoyin lantarki na lantarki daga 200nm zuwa 3000nm. Dangane da rabe-raben tsayin raƙuman raƙuman ruwa, ana iya raba radiyon gani musamman zuwa hasken ultraviolet, hasken haske da ake iya gani, da radiation infrared. Tasirin ilimin halittar jiki da aka samar ta hanyar hasken lantarki na tsawon mabambantan raƙuman ruwa ba iri ɗaya bane.
Ultraviolet radiation yana nufin radiation electromagnetic tare da tsawon tsawon 100nm-400nm. Idon ɗan adam ba zai iya gane kasancewar hasken ultraviolet ba, amma hasken ultraviolet yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ilimin halittar ɗan adam. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da hasken ultraviolet akan fata, zai iya haifar da vasodilation, yana haifar da ja. Tsawon bayyanarwa na iya haifar da bushewa, asarar elasticity, da tsufa na fata. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da hasken ultraviolet a idanu, yana iya haifar da keratitis, conjunctivitis, cataracts, da dai sauransu, yana haifar da lalacewa ga idanu.
Hasken haske da ake iya gani yawanci yana nufin igiyoyin lantarki na lantarki tare da tsawon raƙuman ruwa daga 380-780nm. Illolin ilimin halittar jiki na hasken da ake iya gani a jikin dan adam ya hada da konewar fata, erythema, da lalacewar ido kamar rauni na zafin jiki da retinitis da hasken rana ke haifarwa. Musamman maɗaurin haske mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi daga 400nm zuwa 500nm na iya haifar da lalacewar photochemical ga retina kuma yana haɓaka iskar oxygenation na sel a cikin macular area. Sabili da haka, an yi imani da cewa hasken shuɗi shine hasken da ake iya gani mafi cutarwa.